Week 14 Aristotle’s Poetics (western literature)

1. Mimesis- is a critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings, which include imitation, representation, mimicry, receptivity, non-sensuous similarity, the act of resembling, the act of expression, and the presentation of the self.

One of the best-known modern studies of mimesis, understood as a form of realism in literature, is Erich Auerbach's Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature- is a history of representation in Western literature from ancient to modern times and frequently cited as a classic in the study of realism in literature
Erich Auerbach (November 9, 1892 – October 13, 1957) was a philologist and comparative scholar and critic of literature.

2.Lysistrata- The plot begin with Lysistata and her friend  Calonice, they persuade the other woman to not to do sex with their husband, so all the woman decide to sex strike, for the man to declare the peace without  Peloponnese War, and with the help of the most gorgeous and young woman- Reconciliation, finally they make agreement.



3.Aristotle's Poetic- is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory.

In it, Aristotle offers an account of what he calls "poetry" (a term which in Greek literally means "making" and in this context includes drama—comedy, tragedy, and the satyr play—as well as lyric poetry and epic poetry). They are similar in the fact that they are all imitations but different in the three ways that Aristotle describes:

1.Differences in music rhythm, harmony, meter and melody.
2.Difference of goodness in the characters.
3.Difference in how the narrative is presented: telling a story or acting it out.



4.Classical unities(Aristotelian unities, or three unities)- are rules for drama derived from a passage in Aristotle's Poetics. In their neoclassical form they are as follows:

1.unity of action: a play should have one action that it follows, with minimal subplots.
2.unity of time: the action in a play should occur over a period of no more than 24 hours.
3.unity of place: a play should exist in a single physical space and should not attempt to compress geography, nor should the stage represent more than one place.

5.Definition of Aristotle's tragedy- the “imitation of an action” (mimesis) according to “the law of probability or necessity.” Aristotle indicates that the medium of tragedy is drama, not narrative; tragedy “shows” rather than “tells.” According to Aristotle, tragedy is higher and more philosophical than history because history simply relates what has happened while tragedy dramatizes what may happen, “what is possibile according to the law of probability or necessity.”

5.Plato-was a philosopher and mathematician in Classical Greece, and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition.Plato was the innovator of the dialogue and dialectic forms in philosophy, which originate with him.




6.Socrates-was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes.


7.Harmartia- is commonly understood to refer to the protagonist’s error or flaw that leads to a chain of plot actions culminating in a reversal from their good fortune to bad.

Harmartia is first described in the subject of literary criticism by Aristotle in his Poetics. The source of Hamartia is at the juncture between Character and the character's actions or behaviors as outlined by Aristotle.

Vocabulary

1.e-prefix means"to evolve"
Example-evolution(any process of formation or growth; development)
                evolve(to develop gradually)

2.omni-prefix means "all "
Example-omniscient(knowing everything)
                omnifarious(all forms, varieties, or kinds.)
                omnipotence(almighty or infinite in power, as God.)
                

3.masturbation/ˌmæs tərˈbeɪ ʃən/ noun-the stimulation or manipulation of one's own genitals, especially to orgasm; sexual self-gratification.
Example-The love of flagellation temporarily died out, however, and gave place to masturbation and later to a normal attraction to women.

4.abuse/əˈbyuz/verb-the use of something in a way that is wrong or harmful.
Example-He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.

5.farce/fɑrs/noun-a funny play for the theatre based on ridiculous way.
Example-We don't like to see a bedroom farce in the theatre.

6.tragic- flaw/ˈtrædʒ ɪk -flɔ/noun-the character defect that causes the downfall of the protagonist of a tragedy; hamartia.
Example-This British playwright has a tragic flaw , everything she writes comes out funny.

7.point of view(POV)/pɔɪnt//ʌv//vyu /noun- specified or stated manner of consideration or appraisal.
Example-Olivier Rousteing also is sustaining the point of view at Balmain that returned the house to the spotlight.

The poem

A Red,Red Rose by Robert Burns

My love is like a red, red rose
   That’s newly sprung in June :
My love is like the melody

   That’s sweetly played in tune.

As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,
   So deep in love am I :
And I will love thee still, my dear,
   Till a’ the seas gang dry.

Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,
   And the rocks melt wi’ the sun :
And I will love thee still, my dear,
   While the sands o’ life shall run.

And fare thee weel, my only love,
   And fare thee weel a while !
And I will come again, my love,

   Thou’ it were ten thousand mile.

The video

How to take great note?
1.Don't write fact,write conclusion-information that you understand.
2.Colorful.
3.Review-share to the others and relearn again.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAhRf3U50lM