Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as assonance, alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm are sometimes used to achieve musical or incantatory effects. The use of ambiguity, symbolism, irony and other stylistic elements of poetic diction often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations.
2.Archibald Macleish’s "Ars Poetica"
(May 7, 1892 – April 20, 1982) was an American poet, writer, and the Librarian of Congress. He is associated with the Modernist school of poetry. He received three Pulitzer Prizes for his work.MacLeish worked to promote the arts, culture, and libraries. Among other impacts, MacLeish was the first Librarian of Congress to begin the process of naming what would become the United States Poet Laureate. The Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress came from a donation in 1937 from Archer M. Huntington, a wealthy ship builder. Like many donations it came with strings attached. In this case Huntington wanted the poet Joseph Auslander to be named to the position. MacLeish found little value in Auslander’s writing. However, MacLeish was happy that having Auslander in the post attracted many other poets, such as Robinson Jeffers and Robert Frost, to hold readings at the library. He set about establishing the consultantship as a revolving post rather than a lifetime position.
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poetrymagazine/poems/detail/17168
Moore often composed her poetry in syllabics, she used stanzas with a predetermined number of syllables as her "unit of sense", with indentation underlining the parallels, the shape of the stanza indicating the syllabic disposition, and her reading voice conveying the syntactical line. These syllabic lines from "Poetry" illustrate her position: poetry is a matter of skill and honesty in any form whatsoever, while anything written poorly, although in perfect form, cannot be poetry.
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Poetry_(Moore)
4.Edward Arlington Robinson’s “Richard Cory”
(December 22, 1869––April 6, 1935) was an American poet who won three Pulitzer Prizes for his work,Robinson is considered unique among American poets of his time for his devotion to his art; he published virtually nothing during his long career except poetry. “The expense of Robinson’s single-mindedness,” Gilbert explained, “was virtually everything else in life for which people strive, but it eventually won for him both fortune and fame, as well as a firm position in literary history as America’s first important poet of the twentieth century.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Cory
5.William Wordsworth’s "I wandered lonely as a cloud"
(7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semiautobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published, before which it was generally known as "the poem to Coleridge".Wordsworth was Britain's Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death in 1850.
The inspiration for the poem came from a walk Wordsworth took with his sister Dorothy around Glencoyne Bay, Ullswater, in the Lake District.He would draw on this to compose "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" in 1804, inspired by Dorothy's journal entry describing the walk:
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poems/detail/45521
6."Ode to the West Wind" is an ode, written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1819 near Florence, Italy. It was published in 1820 Some have interpreted the poem as the speaker lamenting his inability to directly help those in England owing to his being in Italy. At the same time, the poem expresses the hope that its words will inspire and influence those who read or hear it.Perhaps more than anything else, Shelley wanted his message of reform and revolution spread, and the wind becomes the trope for spreading the word of change through the poet-prophet figure. Some also believe that the poem is due to the loss of his son, William in 1819. His son Charles (to Harriet Shelley) died in 1826, after "Ode to the West Wind" was written and published. The ensuing pain influenced Shelley. The poem allegorises the role of the poet as the voice of change and revolution.
7. "Stop all the clocks"is a poem by W. H. Auden. An early version was published in 1936, but the poem in its final, familiar form was first published in The Year's Poetry (London,1938).
Wystan Hugh Auden(21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973) was an Anglo-American poet,
He was born in York, grew up in and near Birmingham in a professional middle-class family. He attended English independent schools and studied English at Christ Church, Oxford. After a few months in Berlin in 1928–29 he spent five years teaching in English public schools, then travelled to Iceland and China in order to write books about his journeys.
http://homepages.wmich.edu/~cooneys/poems/auden.stop.html
8.Comparation of fable, parable and allegory
The concept of allegory you are talking about is called personification and has been mainly used in literature in medieval times and the baroque.There are other types of allegories, like in the Hebrew Bible, let's say Psalm 80, talking about the vine that stands for Israel. Things, as the vine, and actions can be allegorical.In arts there are many allegorical pictures. A personification would be Justice as a blindfolded woman with scales.
Fables are a subcategory of allegories, as are parables. Both probably are characterized by shortness.All three categories are forms of writing, art, or spoken utterance that encourage readers to look for meanings beyond what is said.
As for the difference between fable and parable: the fable,has animals, plants, or objects acting. It therefore has to anthropomorphize, while a parable draws its images from human interaction mostly.
Therefore a fable most the time is more schematic in build and easier to decipher. Parables often allow for different ways of deciphering. Looking at Kafka, Brecht, or biblical parables, it is clear that there is often a key, hint, or explanation needed to decipher the parable.
This might be because a fable describes something that is naturally not possible, as the actors are anthropomorphized, creating its moral effect using striking simplification, while the parable describes a naturally possible incident, allowing for more complexity due to acquaintance, creating its moral or parabolic effect through surprise. Fable and parable therefore have much in common and overlap greatly.
Vocabulary
1. fra-prefix means"break"
For example-fraud,fragile,frailty
2.tri-prefix means"three"
For example-triangle,trigonometry,trichromatic
3.-nomy-prefix means"study"
For example-astronomy,gastronomy,economy
Movie
.jpg)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZzW6_hR068
沒有留言:
張貼留言