Week11 17-18(English Vocabulary and Etymology)

Ba Jin- is considered to be one of the most important and widely read Chinese writers of the 20th century. taking his pseudonym from Russian anarchists Bakunin and Kropotkin. Ba Jin started writing his first works in the late 1920s.


Vocabulary

1.-archy-suffix means"rule" or " government"
Example-anarchy( a country or organization which there is no government control or rule)
                monarchy( a country that ruled by a king or a queen)
                oligarchy( a form of government which only control my a small group)

2.mort-combine words means "death"
Example-mortal( that can't live forever and must die )
                immortal( that can live forever and never die  )
                mortified( to feel really ashamed and embarrassed )

3.-gamy-suffix means "marry"
Example-autogamy( create or produce by the thing itself )
                polygamy(the husband have more than one wife)
                digamy( a second marriage)
4. bene-prefix means"good" or "well"
Example-beneficial( improve a situation having a helpful event )
                benevolent( a people that is kind and generous)
                benediction( an utterance of good wishes.)
5.mal-prefix means"wrong"
Example-malign( to say something badly in public)
                malevolent( having desire to harm others people)
                malicious( show hatred to somebody and harm them with desire)

6.magn-prefix means"large"
Example-magnificent( very impressive, attractive or deserving praise)
                magnum( a bottle containing 1.5 liters of wine)
                magnanimous( kind, generous especially toward the enemy or a rival)

7.imitation/ˌɪm ɪˈteɪ ʃən/noun-a copy of something, especially the expensive one.
Example-The latest production of the painting is a bad imitation.

8.symmetry/ˈsɪm ɪ tri/noun-the two things are matched side by side
Example-the symmetry of the garden design by Jane Chun was awarded.

9.epilogue/ˈɛp əˌlɔg/noun-a play or film that give comment or conclusion on it.
Example-Your arrival there always felt right, like the perfect last phase of your soccer career, so forget about this French epilogue.

10-sadist/ˈseɪ dɪst, ˈsæd ɪst/ noun-a person who get sexual pleasure by hurting someone.
Example-the actor in the fifty shades of Grey was a sadist.

11.pioneer/ˌpaɪ əˈnɪər/ noun-a person who is the first to study in particular area of knowledge or culture.
Example:They were the pioneers of the American West.

12.anarchism/ˈæn ərˌkɪz əm/noun-a doctrine urging the abolition of government or governmental restraints the indispensable condition for full social and political liberty.
Example-Capitalism is the one system that requires absolute objective law, yet theywant to combine capitalism and anarchism.

The poem
The Tyger by William Blake
This poem writes about a praise of the Christian God
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/172943

TV series
Big love-it's a Mormon family with polygamy and patriarchy in Utah.


The Book

Magnum opus by Honore de Balzac
was a French novelist and playwright. His magnum opus was a sequence of short stories and novels collectively entitled La Comédie Humaine, which presents a panorama of French life in the years after the 1815 Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Week 11 Sophocles’ Oedipus the King (western literature)

Shakespeare

1.Drama(meaning action)-a specific narrative,it's fictional and represented in performance,the actors plays their role on stage in front of the audience in the theater. The structure of dramatic texts, unlike other forms of literature, is directly influenced by this collaborative production and collective reception.such as The tragedy Hamlet by Shakespeare and the Oedipus the King by Sophocles A modern example is Long Day's Journey into Night (1956) by Eugene O’Neill.

Sophocles

Eugene o'Nell

2.They are two symbol in drama-comedy and tragedy,both of them are ancient Greek Muses-Thalia and Melpomene, the Muse of comedy represented by the laughing face, and the Muse of tragedy represented by the weeping face.

3.Tragedy-a form of drama in traditional culture about  human suffering, invoke the catharsis or pleasure for the audience,also provoke the paradoxical response, it play an important historical  role in western civilization,as Raymond Williams —"the Greeks and the Elizabethans, in one cultural form; Hellenes and Christians, in a common activity."

Raymond Williams

4.They are three tragedian   Aeschylus , Sophocles and Euripides.

Aeschylus 

Sophocles

Euripides

5.Dionysus(the god of wine and grape harvest)-his roman name is Bacchus,when her mother -Semele get burned by Hera and turn into dust,Zeus use the dust roll it into a ball, and place between his thigh,and Dionysus is born into  a goat shape, and he present as a tragedy figure,too

4. They are three important event for celebrate(chorus) Dionysus such as:

1.Satyr play -performance of the goat with human shape in a play of tragicomedy.

2. Dithyramb- sing and dance in form of circles for celebration.  

the people are prepare for the satyr play

5.Thespis-he is the first person who added a actor into the chorus.

6.Oedipus(Swollen foot)-son of Laius and Jocasta(she is her mother and wife,too),The king of Thebes,when he was born,his father abandon him,and he was raised by King Polybus and Queen Merope in the city of Corinth.but he is afraid of Oracle of Delphi's(The Pythia) prophecy,that he will kill Polybus and marry Merope,so he left  Corinth,on the way to Thebes,when a chariot pass,that both fight for who should pass first,unluckily,he have no idea that he kill Laius,when he arrive at Thebes,The Sphix asked him question,he answered successfully, and because the king died,so Oedipus become the king and marry Jocasta.

Oedipus answered the question of The Sphix
 

 

                                                       The Sphix(the monster of riddle)-guard of Thebes

7.Oedipus have four children-two son  (Eteocles and Polynices) and two daughters (Antigone and Ismene),when he find out that he killed his father,Joscata hang herself and Oedipus blind himself,and exile out of Thebes with his two daughters,then he went to Athens(the largest city in Greece),lived under a tree named Colonus,and died with his grave that he will bring the good fortune to Athens.

Vocabulary

1. nov-compound word  means"new"

 Example-innovation( a introduction or a new way to do something)

                 renovation( something to fix to make it new)

                 novice( a person who is new and with little in the skill or situation)

2. voke-suffix means"call"

Example-invoke( to mention something to support your ideas )

                provoke( to cause a particular reaction or effect )

                revoke( to cancel something that no longer valid)

3.patroness/ˈpeɪ trə nɪs/noun-a woman who support or protect for something or someone.

Example- The patroness of your company will always stand by yourself.

4.inauguration/ɪnˌɔ gyəˈreɪ ʃən/noun-a ceremony for a company or presidential.

Example-The inauguration speech will start at the morning.

5.snob /snɒb/noun-a person who is high social classes and have no respect to lower social classes.

Example-I hate the snob,which just live near by our house.

The book

The Great Gastby by F. Scott Fitzgerald 

"In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever since."

"if penalty is an unbroken series of successful gesture"

Week 10 chap 15-16 (English Vocabulary and Etymology)

1.Metaphysical conceit is a particular type of poetic metaphor of the sort developed by the so-called "metaphysical poets" -- a group of 17th century British poets, including John Donne such as his two poetry "No man is an island" and "A valediction: forbidding mourning"


2.Lord Alfred Tennyson's Ulysses


3.William Shakespeare The Tempest  "Be not afreard"


4.Grotesque statue(gargoyle) a statue with special form of the monster in buildings,they are two statue between the building to prevent the rainwater off the roof, minimize the damage of water storm.


Vocabulary

1.morpho-compound words,means"form"
Examples:metamorphosis( a process of changing completely into something different)
                 morphology( the study of form and structure of  animal or plants)
                 morphogenesis( the development of structural features of an organism)

2.hemo-prefix,means"blood"
Example: hemogoblin( the oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells that gives them their red color and serves to convey oxygen to the tissues)
               hemocoel( a series of interconnected spaces between tissues and organs through which blood flows freely, especially mollusks and arthropods.)
               hemocyte( a blood cell)

3.diminish/dɪˈmɪn ɪʃ/verb-to make something become smaller.
Example:He exploited a physique that most would try desperately to diminish.

4.clod/klɒd/noun-a lump or mass, especially of earth or clay.
Example:One teenager recalled seeing a boy his age pitch a clod of dirt at a mounted officer.

5.uproar(+ burst into)/ˈʌpˌrɔr/noun-a state of violent and noisy disturbance.
Example:The uproar over the award consumes the whole country, feeding a frenzied media and hungry politicians.

6.grasp/græsp/verb-to take a firm hold of something.
Example:He grasped my hand and shake it warmly.

7.rebellion/rɪˈbɛl yən/noun-an attempt by some of the people in a country to change their government by violence.
Example:The north of the country rise in rebellion against the social party.

Week10 Aeschylus’ Agamemnon (western literature)

1.Evangelism is the preaching of the gospel or the practice of giving information about a particular doctrine or set of beliefs to others with the intention of converting others to the Christan faith.
We need three gifts for Jesus: golden,myrrh and frankincense



2.In Christian tradition, the Four Evangelists are Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John;We also called them The Gospels

• Matthew – a former tax collector who was called by Jesus to be one of the Twelve Apostles,
• Mark – a follower of Peter and so an "apostolic man",
• Luke – a doctor who wrote what is now the book of Luke to Theophilus. Also known to have written the book of Acts (or Acts of the Apostles) and a close friend of Paul of Tarsus,
• John – a disciple of Jesus and possibly the youngest of his Twelve Apostles.

3.The Pythia commonly known as the Oracle of Delphi, was the name of any priestess throughout the history of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, located on the Mount Parnassus,The Oracle of Delphi was always a woman. The Pythia was widely credited for her prophecy inspired by Apollo.

4.The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the Greek and Anatolian peninsulas, i.e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey. In the north, it is connected to the Marmara Sea and Black Sea by the Dardanelles and Bosporus. The Aegean Islands are within the sea and some bound it on its southern periphery, including Crete and Rhodes.

5.Apollo-the god of knowledge,music,light,healing,poetry,plague.

6.In Greece,the theater,they are many female play,and only in dramatic female can do anything,but as a wife,they have to work,and the male no.

Vocabulary

1.confession/kənˈfɛʃ ən/noun-a person admit that they are guilty of a crime.

Example: The confession of the thief finished in the afternoon.

2. conversion/kənˈvɜr ʒən/noun-the process of changing or state of convert

Example: Conversion of your heating system is very old fashion.

3.detachment/dɪˈtætʃ mənt/noun-the state of not being involved in something in an emotional

Example:He answered with an air of detachment.

The poem

"Youth is a state of mind"by Samuel Ullman
“Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.

The video 

1.Detachment movie clip 2 We must learn to read

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KOJiah2eD-s

2.Ancient Greece- A movement of excellence(Full Documentary)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twkQpGnQ1mo

Week9 Unit1,2 and chap 13-14 (English Vocabulary and Etymology)

midterm examen

Week9 midterm examen(western literature)

Midterm examen

Term explanation

I. in medias res:
It is a Latin phrase for the literary and artistic narrative technique where the relating of a story begins at the midpoint, rather than at the beginning, establishing setting, character, and conflict via flashback or expository conversations relating the pertinent past. For example, in Homer's Odyssey, we first learn about Odysseus' journey when he is held captive on Calypso's island. We then find out in Books IX through XII, that the greater part of Odysseus' journey precedes that moment in the narrative.

II. Homeric epithet:
A characteristic of Homer's style is the use of epithets, as in "rosy-fingered" dawn or "swift-footed" Achilles. Epithets are used because of the constraints of the dactylic hexameter and because of the oral transmission of the poems; they are mnemonic aids to the singer and the audience alike.

III. epic poetry:
An epic poetry is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation. For example, The Iliad and The Odyssey are famous epic poetry.

IV. Achilles' heel:
Achilles’ heel is a seemingly small but actually crucial weakness. It’s because of a story about Achilles. When Achilles was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother Thetis took him to the River Styx, which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water. But as Thetis held Achilles by the heel, his heel was not washed over by the magical water. Thus, when Achilles grew up to participate in a war, his heel was shot by a poisonous arrow, killing him shortly after.

V. Invocation:
As a supplication or prayer it implies to call upon God, a god or goddess, a person, etc. When a person calls upon God, a god, or goddess to ask for something or simply for worship, this can be done in a pre-established form or with the invoker's own words or actions. For example, on the page.189 and page.291 in The Norton, that is, the beginning of The Iliad and The Odyssey, we can find the invocation to the muse.

Week8 chap 13-14(English Vocabulary and Etymology)

Vocabulary

1.-pathy-means"disease and feeling"
Example-sympathy( likes to share your feeling to each other)
               antipathy( a strong feeling of dislike)
                psychopathy( the scientific study of mental disorders)

2.asset/ˈæs ɛt,/noun- an useful and desirable thing or quality

Example-The bank have assets over five million pounds

3.superego/ˌsu pərˈi goʊ/noun-the part of mind let your feeling aware yourself.

Example- I imagine his superego watching with its usual resignation from the balcony.

4.idiosyncrasy/ˌɪd i əˈsɪŋ krə si/noun-a person particular way of behaving,thinking...etc.

Example-the car has it own idiosyncrasy.

5.peculiarity/pɪˌkyʊ liˈær ɪ ti/noun-a strange feature or habit.

Example-John Leech was very fond of illustrating this peculiarity of the French people,in Punch, years ago.

6.exaggerate/ɪgˈzædʒ əˌreɪt/ verb-to increase or enlarge abnormally.

Example-he exaggerate the importance of the event.

Week8 The Aeneid(western literature)

1.Neptune(Roman name of Poseidon)
 one of the twelve Olympian deities of the pantheon in Greek mythology. His main domain is the ocean, and he is called the "God of the Sea". Additionally, he is referred to as "Earth-Shaker"due to his role in causing earthquakes, and has been called the "tamer of horses". He is usually depicted as an older male with curly hair and beard.


2.The fall of Troy=Distribution of Troy
In Greek mythology, Helen of Troy , also known as Helen of Sparta, was the daughter of Zeus and Leda, In Greek myths, she was considered the most beautiful woman in the world, the wife of King Menelaus. Her abduction by Paris, Prince of Troy, brought about the Trojan War.


3.When Aeneas leave Dido,she stab and burn herself



5.Pygmalion is a sculptor, Who fall in love with his sculpture-Dido,because is too beautiful,so Cupid turn the sculpture into real woman.


6.Vigil's patron=Augustus
He is the first Roman emperor,


Vocabulary

1. -cide-means "killer"
Example-suicide( a person who intentionally take someone own life)
                pesticide( a chemical to destroy anything )
                homicide( a person who kills another)

2.ab-perfix means"negative away from"
Example-abandon( to give up or leave completely)
                abdicate(to give up or relinquish the power )
                abolition( legal prohibition such as end of slavery)

3.pro- perfix means"advancing and go forward"
Example-propaganda( the information or ideas that can harm people)
                protagonist( the leading character)
                provision( the providing or supplying of something, especially of food or other necessities)

The poem

All is vanity
The words of the Preacher,the son of David, king in Jerusalem.

2 Vanity of vanities, says the Preacher,
    vanity of vanities! All is vanity.
3 What does man gain by all the toil
    at which he toils under the sun?
4 A generation goes, and a generation comes,
    but the earth remains forever.
5 The sun rises, and the sun goes down,
    and hastens to the place where it rises.
6 The wind blows to the south
    and goes around to the north;
around and around goes the wind,
    and on its circuits the wind returns.
7 All streams run to the sea,
    but the sea is not full;
to the place where the streams flow,
    there they flow again.
8 All things are full of weariness;
    a man cannot utter it;
the eye is not satisfied with seeing,
    nor the ear filled with hearing.
9 What has been is what will be,
    and what has been done is what will be done,
    and there is nothing new under the sun.
10 Is there a thing of which it is said,
    “See, this is new”?
It has been already
    in the ages before us.
11 There is no remembrance of former things,
    nor will there be any remembrance
of later things[e] yet to be
    among those who come after.
The Vanity of Wisdom
12 I the Preacher have been king over Israel in Jerusalem.

13 And I applied my heartto seek and to search out by wisdom all that is done under heaven. It is an unhappy business that God has given to the children of man to be busy with.

14 I have seen everything that is done under the sun, and behold, all is vanity and a striving after wind.

15 What is crooked cannot be made straight,
    and what is lacking cannot be counted.

16 I said in my heart, “I have acquired great wisdom, surpassing all who were over Jerusalem before me, and my heart has had great experience of wisdom and knowledge.”

17 And I applied my heart to know wisdom and to know madness and folly. I perceived that this also is but a striving after wind.

18 For in much wisdom is much vexation,
    and he who increases knowledge increases sorrow.

           
The song


You are so vain by Carly Simon
You walked into the party
Like you were walking onto a yacht
Your hat strategically tipped below one eye
Your scarf, it was apricot
You had one eye in the mirror as
You watched yourself gavotte
And all the girls dreamed that they'd be your partner
They'd be your partner, and

You're so vain
You probably think this song is about you
You're so vain,
I'll bet you think this song is about you
Don't you?
Don't you?

Well, you had me several years ago
When I was still quite naive
When you said that we made such a pretty pair
And that you would never leave
But you gave away the things you loved
And one of them was me
I had some dreams, they were clouds in my coffee
Clouds in my coffee, and

You're so vain
You probably think this song is about you
You're so vain, you're so vain
I'll bet you think this song is about you
Don't you?
Don't you?

Well I hear you went up to Saratoga
And your horse, naturally, won
Then you flew your learjet up to Nova Scotia
To see the total eclipse of the sun
Well, you're where you should be all the time
And when you're not, you're with some underworld spy
Or the wife of a close friend,
Wife of a close friend, and

You're so vain
You probably think this song is about you
You're so vain, you're so vain
I'll bet you think this song is about you
Don't you?
Don't you?